Mankind Is The Earths Biggest Threat Environmental Sciences Essay

Mankind Is The Earths Biggest Threat Environmental Sciences Essay modality diversify brought about by spherical warming is one of the biggest threats to mankinds survival. Due to piece activity the temperature of the earths surface has increased by about 1.4F during the farthermost 90-100 historic period. Scientists go for identified that greenho procedure gases atomic number 18 the main reason we ar experiencing global warming. The last authorities was attempting to encounter climate transport by setting annual targets for the reduction of degree centigrade copy dioxide emissions until 2050 by placing duties on the quality Minister obedienceing the reporting on and achievement of those targets to specify procedures to be followed if the targets ar not met to specify certain functions of and provide certain powers to Members of Parliament with regard to ensuring hundred dioxide emissions are curved and to set fielded reduction targets and targets for faculty cle verness. This seems rattling easy in principal still in reality the g everyplacenment has failed since the Kyoto Protocol. One key area where they are failing is in the lodging sector as the aims are primarily foc determinationd on bran-new homes rather than the existent housing personal credit line. By the year 2050 there lead be 21 million homes in need of an upgrade to turn off the degree centigrade emissions world released into the atmosphere. In this dissertation we will leaven the reasons for global warming and climate depart, what g all overnment initiatives fork over been introduced and what solutions can, have and will be implemented to reduce carbon emissions with an emphasis on renewable technologies. resolutenessI declare that the work contained in this dissertation is my protest fender work and that no part has been plagiarised from any source whatsoever. Where work, ideas or concepts have been taken or adapted from authors, these will be decent cited and referenced.This dissertation is just about 10000 words in length.Signed chump NameDateContentsThe following proposes how my dissertation will be structured. These titles are in conjunction with my aims and objectives and are self ex intendatory.Introduction arrestObjectives explore MethodologyLiterature Review orbicular Warming and Climate alteration push button UseBackground to climate limiting p in every(prenominal)iationThe Kyoto ProtocolEuropean union context unify Kingdom linguistic contextEU DirectiveAlternative and renewable EnergyGround fount Heat PumpsBiomass EnergySolar EnergyTypes of Systems5.1(a) Solar Hot pee Systems5.1(b) Photovoltaics6. Micro Combined Heat Power7. Wind Energy applied attainmentIntroductionThe government and industry must reduce their carbon emissions from the United Kingdoms domestic sector in order to meet their climate change targets. 30% of all the United Kingdoms energy comes from the domestic sector and in turn accounts 45% of all emissi ons. (2008 Energy Technologies Institute LLP-Part of the low carbon innovation group).By the year 2050 there will be approximately 32 million dwellings of which 21 million will require restoration as they will be the existing housing stock. The government have set a target of an 80% reduction in carbon emissions by 2050 and in order to achieve this goal they will have to install insulation, educate householders on ways to use energy much efficiently, use more low energy products and supply energy from renewable sources.AimThe main aim of this study is to examine ways to reduce carbon emissions from the United Kingdoms existing housing stock.ObjectivesThe main objectives of this study to examineA brief history of global warming and climate changeWhat government legislation is in place to reduce carbon emissionsThe watercourse energy efficiency of the United Kingdoms existing housing stockWhat plowshare renewable energy can make towards reducing carbon emissionsResearch methodolog yThe objectives outlined previously will distribute the reader a better understanding of the subject areas. The question carried out will be a 50 50 split between qualitative and valued research.Qualitative research is subjective in nature. It is research that cannot be measured because it is not based on facts. It is based on people beliefs, their feelings and their own personal opinions and experiences. (Naoum 2007 second edition)Quantitative research is objective in nature. It is research that is based on factual information that can be proven. It could be results from tests, surveys etc that can be analysed. (Naoum 2007 second edition)Primary literature is research that includes academician journal, published original work and technical papers.ANDsecondary literature sources are sources such as text books and newspaper articles ((Naoum 2007 second edition)Dissertation anatomical structureThe research into my aim and objective will provide a great depth of understanding o f each subject area. The study will give a background into the need for an energy efficient housing stock including looking at reasons for global warming and climate change. It will to a fault discuss government initiatives and energy use in the domestic sector as well as the reasons why it is difficult to achieve the aims. The existing housing stock will be researched to ascertain their energy efficiency before and after refurbishment.Some of the primary literature I plan to use includeKyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention onClimate ChangeThe EUs Contribution to Shaping A Future Global Climate Change Regime The Sixth Environment Action political program of the European Community 2002-2012Our Energy Future Creating a Low vitamin C EconomyAction in the UK The UK Climate Change ProgrammeEuropean Buildings DirectiveMet office action on co2Planning for micro renewables Renewable energy technologies,Scottish Executive, Development DepartmentHM Government- Renewab le Energy StrategySome of the Secondary Sources I plan to use includeEnvironmental science in buildings 6th Edition (Randall McMullan)CIBSE Energy and carbon emissions regulations A guide to implementationThe scope for reducing carbon emissions from housing (J.Henderson L. Shorrock)Literature ReviewGlobal warming and Climate ChangePeople are the main cause of climate change. 40% of all co2 emissions come from greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane through with(predicate) energy use in the home, driving and air travel.Global climate change occurs immanently through oceans, changes in the earths orbit and the suns energy but there is evidence that the greenhouse effect is made worse by mans actions.What changes have been observed?global temperature increase +0.75C over the late(prenominal) century with 2000-2010 the warmest decade on recordrainfall patterns wet regions of the demesne are getting wetter, and dry regions getting drierhumidity increases over the lastt wo to threedecades make extreme rainfall and implosion therapy more likelywarming oceans temperature increases in the last 50 years in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans are not linked intrinsic variationssalinity increased evaporation is making the Atlantic saltier in sub-tropical latitudessea-ice pass Arctic sea-ice is declining by 600,000 km per decade (the area of Madagascar), a long trend only explicable by human influencesHow the evidence scads upScientists have used sophisticated methods to identify these long-termchanges, and to indeed considerare these changes due to natural variability? (changes in energy from the sun, volcanic eruptions, or natural cycles such as El Nio)if not, is there evidence that human activity could be to blame? pecker Stott, Head of Climate Monitoring and Attribution at the Met Office, said The science reveals a consistent picture of global change that clearly bears the reproduce of man-made greenhouse gas emissions. This shows the evide nce of climate change has gone(a) beyond temperature increases it is now visible across our climate system and all regions of the planet.The average person thinks that the weather and climate change are the equal but this is not the case. Weather is rain, hail, sleet, snow and wind with varying temperatures that change daily, where as climate change is a study of the weather and it changes over time.The greenhouse consequence is the natural process of the earths atmosphere allowing in several(prenominal) of the energy we receive from the sun (ultraviolet and visible light) and stopping it being patrimonial back out into space (infrared radiation the greenhouse effect is the natural process. This makes the Earth warm enough for people to live.Although there have been preferably stable levels of greenhouse gases for many years, industrial and domestic energy use has upset the balance with the evidence of climate change now being seen right across the planet with temperature incre ases and melting ice caps causation slaughter with our eco-system.Energy UseHumans use energy such as coal, gas and oil everyday and everytime they do so carbon monoxide and other gases are absorbed by the atmosphere. The natural cycle was for the carbon dioxide to be reabsorbed by the plants and trees. However, we are burning so much fuel, and with humans solecism down our rainforests. the trees and plants can no longer cope. As the increased carbon dioxide levels rise they are being trapped within our atmosphere causing the temperature to rise. This is global warming.As the global temperature is rising daily we are comprehend more floods and extreme weather such as tornados and hurricanes. To try to combat thiswe have to reduce the amount of fossil fuels we are using. (The Carbon